Impact of the Disturbances for Forest Grazing on Flora Composition in a Natural Forest

Daegwallyeong is a mountain pass at an altitude of 832 m, which has been designated conservation area because its essential role in Korea’s forest ecosystem. Simultaneously, this considered suitable place for grazing due to the cool temperature during summer. Some areas have converted grassland livestock feeding, and scale continued increasing. Although more ecofriendly than industrialized facilities, it could impact native ecosystem, especially terms flora vegetation. We investigated changes vegetation before after formation. The total number vascular plant species changed throughout survey period. It was decreased by thinning floor removal 2015. However, bounced back original 2016, even grazing. there dramatic decrease second 3 months 2017. slightly increased fallow 2019, but did not fully recover. seemed normal, composition 2019 significantly from without disturbance 2014. First, invasion naturalized plants such as Taraxacum officinale Barbarea vularis, well ecosystem-disturbing Carex callitrichos var. nana Rumex acetosa. Second, coverage those expanded Most importantly, we lost five valuable rare species, Anemone koraiensis, Viola diamantiaca, Chionanthus retusus, Scopolia japonica, Streptopus ovalis, area. Additionally, ground condition severely damaged, no longer grow some areas. analysis study showed adverse effects practices on Daegwallyeong. Forest should be carefully conducted preserve vulnerable healthy